The current policies of spectrum allocation leads to inefficient use of spectrum making the spectrum a Scarce resource but the truth is, that spectrum is not scarce but is underutilized, there are many bandwidth that are not being properly used. So cognitive radio helps us to use these unused bands which are also called as “White Spaces”. This unique approach to improve utilization of radio electromagnetic spectrum. In establishing the CRN there are 4 important methods. in current research paper we are going to discuss about the Cognitive radio characteristics and benefits. And in the later section of the paper we will implement two foremost using spectrum sensing technique namely energy based and cyclostationary based spectrum sensing, and ROC curve shows that cyclostationary based spectrum sensing technique performs better than energy based technique at low snr.
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