Wireless Sensor Network is made up of a large number of inexpensive nodes that are networked via low power wireless communications. Recent technological advances in microelectronics, sensing, signal processing, wireless communications and networking have enabled the realization of a dense network of inexpensive wireless sensor nodes, each having sensing, computational and communication capabilities. Proposed applications of sensor networks include environmental monitoring, natural disaster prediction, smart homes, health care, manufacturing, transportation, home appliances and entertainment. In this manner, vitality assets for remote sensor systems ought to be overseen carefully to amplify the lifetime of systems. There are a few number of vitality proficient protocols which have been utilized to draw out the system lifetime of the remote sensor systems. These conventions can further be enhanced to accomplish better results. WSN has a design trade-off between energy and communication overhead which forms the nerve center of the routing techniques.
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Clustering, network lifetime, routing protocols, wireless sensor networks, cluster heads (CHs), cluster members (CMs), forward transmission area (FTA)